Know your vaccines

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An overview of covid-19 vaccines | Vaccines in India | 2021 updates



Covid-19 pandemic has turned the entire world upside down. It has almost been more than a year since India reported its first covid-19 case. Since then governments around the world have been trying with the help of their scientists to develop vaccines for this deadly infection. Fortunately, as of now there are around eight vaccines made available for the public. There are several other vaccines which are under development. India began administering vaccines on 16 January, 2021.

Since the time when vaccines were made available, the public seems to have a lot of doubts and confusions. Are the vaccines really efficient? Which are the vaccines available in India?  Which vaccine is more efficient? 


Before we jump into the details of vaccines, let us make one thing clear. All vaccines that are available are highly efficient. But, if you think you won’t be infected by coronavirus after taking the vaccine, YOU ARE WRONG. Vaccines do not prevent the virus from getting inside your body. So am I contradicting my previous statement where I said all vaccines are efficient. Well, NO. It is possible (but rarely) that a fully vaccinated person can still test positive for covid-19. The vaccines develop antibodies in our body that fight against the virus and help our body build a strong immune system. Even if you get infected after taking a vaccine these antibodies will fight the virus and prevent the infection from getting serious. The vaccines guarantee you a hundred percent prevention from getting hospitalized with serious conditions and meeting death. Well, to cut the long story short, never be hesitant to take vaccines. Take vaccines at your turn. We have to fight this!


Now let’s have a look at various vaccines and especially the ones that are currently available in India. I hope many of your questions will be answered in this article.


Covaxin

Covaxin is developed in India by  Bharat Biotech in collaboration with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). This vaccine actually is an inactivated virus which means they are made using the inactivated or killed coronavirus. SARS-CoV 2 is the virus responsible for covid-19. These virus samples were collected and isolated at India’s National Institute of Virology. Bharat Biotech using one of the traditional technologies inactivated these virus samples making them safe to be injected into the human body. 

The vaccine has to be administered in 2 shots. The second dose can be taken 28 days after the first dose. 

Covaxin has proven to have a 70-80% efficacy rate. Currently, the Indian government has given approval for using the vaccine for everyone above the age of 18yrs. 

The latest price for covaxin is Rs. 1410. Several state governments are giving the vaccine for free. However, the central government’s revised vaccine policy assures the vaccines to be made available for free from 21st June, 2021.

Covaxin has been approved by 9 countries so far.





Covishield

The Oxford- AstraZeneca, popularly known under the brand name covishield is produced locally by The Serum Institute of India, Pune. The vaccine is made from adenovirus which is a weakened version of a common cold virus found in chimpanzees. Apart from India, UK and Sweden also produces this vaccine 

Covishield has to be taken in two doses. The second dose can be taken 84 days after the first dose. 

Covishield has an efficacy rate of 70% after the first dose and 90% after the second dose.

It is currently given in private hospitals for Rs.780.  

Covishield is approved by 130+ countries.


If you are planning to go abroad then you must take the covishield vaccine as it is approved by most of the countries.



Sputnik V

Gam-COVID-Vac, known under the trade name Sputnik V is a Russian made vaccine developed by the Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow. It is said that the ‘V’ in the name means ‘Victory over Covid-19’. 

The vaccine is made using two human adenoviruses. 

Sputnik V is also administered in two shots. However, this vaccine uses two different versions for the first and second dose. The second dose can be taken 21 days after the first dose. 

Scientists are also working towards developing a single dose version of this vaccine called Sputnik-Light to speed up the vaccination.

Sputnik V is not yet available in India. However, it will be made available from the second week of June. Dr. Reddy’s Laboratory, Hyderabad is the distribution partner of the vaccine in India.

The vaccine has shown an efficacy over 91%.  The vaccine will be given in private hospitals at a rate of Rs.1145 per dose.



Pfizer–BioNTech 

The Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine is developed by BioNTech, a German based company in collaboration with the American based Pfizer. The vaccine is made using mRNA technology.

Certain countries have allowed the use of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine in people above 12yrs old. 

This is also a 2 shot vaccine. The second dose has to be taken 21 days after the first dose. It has an efficacy rate of 90-94%.

This vaccine is approved by majority countries. As of now, it is not available in India. But India has invited the company to sell their vaccines in India. 



Johnson & Johnson

The Johnson & Johnson’s Janssen covid-19 vaccine was developed by Janssen Vaccines, Netherlands, a subsidiary of the American based Johnson & Johnson company. 

This is a human adenovirus based viral vector vaccine. 

Unlike other vaccines this is a 1 shot vaccine.

It has shown an efficacy of 70-85%. 

This is also currently not available in India. 



Moderna

The Moderna covid 19 vaccine or mRNA-1273 was developed by the ModernaTX, Inc, U.S.A. This is an mRNA based vaccine. 

This is a two shot vaccine. The second dose can be given 28 days after the first dose. 

The vaccine shows 90-94% efficacy.

Moderna vaccine is approved by most of the countries. This is also currently not available in India. 




India is working towards producing more vaccines as well as inviting companies to sell their vaccines in the country. ZyCoV-D, Bio E COVID-19, BBV154, HGC019, and Covovax are under trial in India right now.


There are several fake news spreading about the vaccines and their efficacy. Let us not fall victim to such fake news. We are going through tough times. At this time, it is highly important to take vaccines when they are made available to us. 

Let us follow all the safety precautions and fight this virus together. 

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